13 Native American Tribes in Arizona: History, Culture, & Locations

13 Native American Tribes in Arizona: History, Culture, & Locations

Arizona is home to a rich tapestry of Native American cultures, with a vibrant history stretching back thousands of years. From the towering red rock canyons of Sedona to the verdant valleys of the Salt River, these tribes have thrived and persevered, leaving an enduring legacy on the state’s landscape and spirit. This article will explore the diverse histories, cultures, and locations of 13 prominent Native American Tribes of Arizona, highlighting their resilience and unique contributions to the state’s heritage.

Introduction to Native American Tribes of Arizona

Arizona is considered a “tribal state,” meaning that Native American tribes have sovereignty within their own territories. This sovereignty allows them to govern themselves, manage their own resources, and cultivate their unique cultural traditions. With over 20 federally recognized tribes and many more unrecognized tribes still residing in the state, Arizona is a hub of Indigenous culture and history.

Exploring the Diverse Tribes: Historical Perspectives and Cultural Practices

1. Navajo Nation

History: The Navajo Nation, one of the largest Native American reservations in the United States, boasts a rich history rooted in the Southwest. Their traditional way of life, centered around farming and herding, shaped their culture and language. The Navajo people endured forced relocation during the Long Walk in the 1860s but ultimately returned to their ancestral lands.

Culture: Known for their mastery of weaving, silverwork, and storytelling, the Navajo people have kept their cultural traditions alive through generations. Their intricate rugs, stunning jewelry, and captivating oral narratives are celebrated worldwide.

Location: The Navajo Nation spans portions of northeastern Arizona, southeastern Utah, and northwestern New Mexico.

2. Hopi Tribe

History: The Hopi people have inhabited the Arizona high desert for over 1,200 years, maintaining their ancestral lands and traditions. Known for their unique agricultural practices, they are renowned for their resilience and connection to their traditional way of life.

Culture: The Hopi are known for their intricate kachina dolls, representing spiritual beings, and their vibrant ceremonial dances. Their emphasis on maintaining a balance with nature is reflected in their carefully preserved agricultural practices and their strong connection to the land.

Location: The Hopi Reservation is located on the high mesas of northern Arizona, nestled within the Navajo Nation.

3. Tohono O’odham Nation

History: The Tohono O’odham people, originally known as the Papago, have inhabited the Sonoran Desert for centuries. Their ability to adapt to the harsh desert environment has shaped their unique cultural practices.

Culture: The Tohono O’odham are known for their skilled basket weaving, intricate beadwork, and their traditional agricultural practices. Their strong connection to the desert is evident in their reverence for the land and their sustainable farming methods.

Location: The Tohono O’odham Nation spans over 2.8 million acres across southern Arizona and northern Mexico.

4. Yavapai-Apache Nation

History: The Yavapai-Apache people are comprised of two distinct tribes, the Yavapai and the Western Apache, who share a long history in central Arizona. Both tribes faced challenges during the colonization of the Southwest but ultimately found strength in their shared cultural practices.

Culture: Their cultural practices include traditional dances, song, and storytelling, often centered around their deep connection to the land. They are known for their artistic skills, reflected in their intricate beadwork and basket weaving.

Location: The Yavapai-Apache Nation is located within the Prescott National Forest, encompassing portions of central and northern Arizona.

5. San Carlos Apache Tribe

History: The San Carlos Apache Tribe, also known as the Ndee, have inhabited the mountains of eastern Arizona for centuries. Their resilience in the face of colonization and their strong connection to their traditional lands are testament to their unwavering spirit.

Culture: The San Carlos Apache are renowned for their skilled beadwork, intricate basket weaving, and their traditional ceremonies. They are known for their distinct tribal dances and songs, steeped in their history and culture.

Location: The San Carlos Apache Reservation is located in eastern Arizona, covering a vast area of mountainous terrain.

6. Gila River Indian Community

History: The Gila River Indian Community, comprised of the Pima and Maricopa peoples, has a long history in the central Arizona region. Their agricultural practices have helped shape the landscape of the Gila River Valley, showcasing their deep connection to the land.

Culture: The Gila River Indian Community is known for their traditional pottery, basket weaving, and their captivating storytelling traditions. Their ceremonies and celebrations reflect their unique cultural identity.

Location: The Gila River Indian Community is located in central Arizona, along the Gila River.

7. White Mountain Apache Tribe

History: The White Mountain Apache Tribe, known as the Nde, have resided within the White Mountains of eastern Arizona for centuries. Their traditional lifestyle, centered around hunting and gathering, has shaped their culture and connection to the land.

Culture: The White Mountain Apache are renowned for their intricate beadwork, stunning basket weaving, and their unique storytelling traditions. Their cultural practices, including traditional dances and songs, reflect their deep connection to the land and their rich history.

Location: The White Mountain Apache Reservation is located within the White Mountains of eastern Arizona, encompassing a vast expanse of rugged terrain.

8. Cocopah Tribe

History: The Cocopah Tribe, also known as the Yuma people, are known for their long history in the Lower Colorado River Valley region. Their traditional way of life, centered around fishing, hunting, and gathering, has shaped their cultural practices and resilience.

Culture: The Cocopah people are known for their traditional pottery, basket weaving, and their unique storytelling traditions. Their ceremonies and celebrations reflect their deep connection to the Colorado River and their rich cultural heritage.

Location: The Cocopah Indian Reservation is located along the Colorado River near Yuma, Arizona, encompassing portions of the river valley.

9. Hualapai Tribe

History: The Hualapai Tribe, known as the “People of the Tall Pines,” have resided in the Grand Canyon region for centuries. Their traditional way of life, centered around hunting and gathering, has shaped their connection to the land and their unique cultural practices.

Culture: The Hualapai people are known for their intricate beadwork, stunning basket weaving, and their unique storytelling traditions. Their ceremonies and celebrations reflect their connection to the Grand Canyon and their rich cultural heritage.

Location: The Hualapai Indian Reservation encompasses a vast area of the Grand Canyon region, including the South Rim of the Grand Canyon.

10. Mohave Tribe

History: The Mohave Tribe, also known as the “People of the River,” have resided in the Lower Colorado River Valley region for centuries. Their traditional way of life, centered around fishing, hunting, and gathering, has shaped their cultural practices and their connection to the river.

Culture: The Mohave are known for their intricate beadwork, unique basket weaving, and their captivating storytelling traditions. Their ceremonies and celebrations reflect their deep connection to the Colorado River and their rich cultural heritage.

Location: The Mohave Indian Reservation is located along the Colorado River in northwestern Arizona, encompassing portions of the river valley.

11. Fort Mohave Indian Tribe

History: The Fort Mohave Indian Tribe, located on the Colorado River near Needles, California, shares a rich history with the Mohave Tribe. Their cultural practices and traditions reflect their shared heritage and connection to the river.

Culture: The Fort Mohave are known for their intricate beadwork, unique basket weaving, and their captivating storytelling traditions. Their ceremonies and celebrations reflect their deep connection to the Colorado River and their rich cultural heritage.

Location: The Fort Mohave Indian Reservation is located along the Colorado River near Needles, California, encompassing portions of the river valley.

12. Chemehuevi Tribe

History: The Chemehuevi Tribe, also known as the “People of the Lake,” have resided in the Lake Havasu region for centuries. Their traditional lifestyle, centered around fishing and hunting, has shaped their cultural practices and their connection to the lake.

Culture: The Chemehuevi are known for their unique basket weaving, intricate beadwork, and their captivating storytelling traditions. Their ceremonies and celebrations reflect their deep connection to Lake Havasu and their rich cultural heritage.

Location: The Chemehuevi Indian Reservation is located in the Lake Havasu region of Arizona, encompassing portions of the lake and the surrounding area.

13. Quechan Tribe

History: The Quechan Tribe, also known as the Yuman people, have resided in the Lower Colorado River Valley region for centuries. Their traditional lifestyle, centered around fishing, hunting, and gathering, has shaped their cultural practices and their connection to the river.

Culture: The Quechan are known for their intricate beadwork, unique basket weaving, and their captivating storytelling traditions. Their ceremonies and celebrations reflect their deep connection to the Colorado River and their rich cultural heritage.

Location: The Quechan Indian Reservation is located along the Colorado River near Yuma, Arizona, encompassing portions of the river valley.

Exploring the Cultural Landscape: Arts, Crafts, and Traditions

Arts & Crafts

The Native American Tribes of Arizona are renowned for their exceptional craftsmanship and artistic traditions. From the intricate beadwork of the San Carlos Apache to the stunning pottery of the Gila River Indian Community, these tribes have preserved their artistic heritage through generations. Here are some highlights:

• Basket weaving: The Tohono O’odham, Hualapai, and Chemehuevi are known for their exquisite basketry, often crafted from natural materials like willow, sumac, and yucca.
• Beadwork: The Navajo, Yavapai-Apache, and San Carlos Apache are known for their intricate beadwork, adorning jewelry, clothing, and ceremonial items.
• Pottery: The Gila River Indian Community is renowned for its traditional pottery, featuring beautiful designs and shapes.
• Silverwork: The Navajo are celebrated for their stunning silverwork, often incorporating traditional designs and techniques.

Traditions & Ceremonies

These traditions serve as a testament to the resilience and enduring culture of Arizona’s Native American tribes. They provide a window into their history, beliefs, and connection to the land. Here are some prominent examples:

• Kachina dolls: The Hopi create intricate kachina dolls, representing spiritual beings, that play a significant role in their ceremonies and rituals.
• Powwows: Many tribes in Arizona host powwows, vibrant cultural gatherings featuring traditional dancing, drumming, singing, and storytelling.
• Ceremonial dances: The San Carlos Apache, White Mountain Apache, and Yavapai-Apache are known for their traditional dances, often steeped in their history and beliefs.

Preserving Native American Culture in Arizona

Museums & Cultural Centers

Many Native American Tribes of Arizona have established museums and cultural centers to preserve and showcase their unique heritage. Visitors can explore their history, traditions, and art.

• Heard Museum (Phoenix): A world-renowned museum dedicated to the art, history, and culture of Native American tribes across the Southwest. (external link: https://heard.org/)
• Indian Arts & Crafts Board (IAICB): A federal agency that works to promote the work of Native American artists and craftspeople. (external link: https://www.indianartsandcrafts.gov/)
• Phoenix Indian Center (Phoenix): Offers cultural programming, educational opportunities, and resources for Native American communities in the Phoenix area. https://phoenixindiancenter.org/

Education & Outreach

Several organizations are dedicated to educating the public about Native American history and culture in Arizona.

• Arizona State University (ASU) American Indian Studies Program: Offers academic programs, research opportunities, and cultural events dedicated to promoting understanding and appreciation of Native American cultures. (internal link: https://americanindianstudies.asu.edu/)
• Navajo Nation Museum (Window Rock): Provides a comprehensive overview of Navajo history, culture, and traditions. (internal link: https://www.navajonationmuseum.org/)

FAQs about Native American Tribes of Arizona

What are the largest Native American tribes in Arizona?

The Navajo Nation is the largest, followed by the Tohono O’odham Nation and the San Carlos Apache Tribe.

How many Native American tribes are there in Arizona?

There are over 20 federally recognized tribes in Arizona, and many more unrecognized tribes.

What are the main challenges faced by Native American tribes in Arizona?

Challenges include poverty, lack of access to healthcare, and limited economic opportunities.

How can I support Native American tribes in Arizona?

You can support tribal businesses, visit museums and cultural centers, attend powwows, and learn about their history and culture.

What are the main cultural differences between Native American tribes in Arizona?

Each tribe has a unique language, traditions, and cultural practices shaped by their history, geography, and environment.

Conclusion: A Legacy of Resilience and Cultural Vibrancy

The Native American Tribes of Arizona are a vital part of the state’s history, culture, and landscape. Their resilience in the face of challenges, their enduring cultural traditions, and their unique contributions to Arizona’s heritage continue to inspire and educate. By understanding their history, celebrating their culture, and supporting their well-being, we can honor their legacy and create a more inclusive and respectful future for all.

13 Native American Tribes in Arizona: History, Culture, & Locations

Arizona is home to a rich tapestry of Native American cultures, with a vibrant history stretching back thousands of years. From the towering red rock canyons of Sedona to the verdant valleys of the Salt River, these tribes have thrived and persevered, leaving an enduring legacy on the state’s landscape and spirit. This article will explore the diverse histories, cultures, and locations of 13 prominent Native American Tribes of Arizona, highlighting their resilience and unique contributions to the state’s heritage.

Introduction to Native American Tribes of Arizona

Arizona is considered a “tribal state,” meaning that Native American tribes have sovereignty within their own territories. This sovereignty allows them to govern themselves, manage their own resources, and cultivate their unique cultural traditions. With over 20 federally recognized tribes and many more unrecognized tribes still residing in the state, Arizona is a hub of Indigenous culture and history.

Exploring the Diverse Tribes: Historical Perspectives and Cultural Practices

1. Navajo Nation

History: The Navajo Nation, one of the largest Native American reservations in the United States, boasts a rich history rooted in the Southwest. Their traditional way of life, centered around farming and herding, shaped their culture and language. The Navajo people endured forced relocation during the Long Walk in the 1860s but ultimately returned to their ancestral lands.

Culture: Known for their mastery of weaving, silverwork, and storytelling, the Navajo people have kept their cultural traditions alive through generations. Their intricate rugs, stunning jewelry, and captivating oral narratives are celebrated worldwide.

Location: The Navajo Nation spans portions of northeastern Arizona, southeastern Utah, and northwestern New Mexico.

2. Hopi Tribe

History: The Hopi people have inhabited the Arizona high desert for over 1,200 years, maintaining their ancestral lands and traditions. Known for their unique agricultural practices, they are renowned for their resilience and connection to their traditional way of life.

Culture: The Hopi are known for their intricate kachina dolls, representing spiritual beings, and their vibrant ceremonial dances. Their emphasis on maintaining a balance with nature is reflected in their carefully preserved agricultural practices and their strong connection to the land.

Location: The Hopi Reservation is located on the high mesas of northern Arizona, nestled within the Navajo Nation.

3. Tohono O’odham Nation

History: The Tohono O’odham people, originally known as the Papago, have inhabited the Sonoran Desert for centuries. Their ability to adapt to the harsh desert environment has shaped their unique cultural practices.

Culture: The Tohono O’odham are known for their skilled basket weaving, intricate beadwork, and their traditional agricultural practices. Their strong connection to the desert is evident in their reverence for the land and their sustainable farming methods.

Location: The Tohono O’odham Nation spans over 2.8 million acres across southern Arizona and northern Mexico.

4. Yavapai-Apache Nation

History: The Yavapai-Apache people are comprised of two distinct tribes, the Yavapai and the Western Apache, who share a long history in central Arizona. Both tribes faced challenges during the colonization of the Southwest but ultimately found strength in their shared cultural practices.

Culture: Their cultural practices include traditional dances, song, and storytelling, often centered around their deep connection to the land. They are known for their artistic skills, reflected in their intricate beadwork and basket weaving.

Location: The Yavapai-Apache Nation is located within the Prescott National Forest, encompassing portions of central and northern Arizona.

5. San Carlos Apache Tribe

History: The San Carlos Apache Tribe, also known as the Ndee, have inhabited the mountains of eastern Arizona for centuries. Their resilience in the face of colonization and their strong connection to their traditional lands are testament to their unwavering spirit.

Culture: The San Carlos Apache are renowned for their skilled beadwork, intricate basket weaving, and their traditional ceremonies. They are known for their distinct tribal dances and songs, steeped in their history and culture.

Location: The San Carlos Apache Reservation is located in eastern Arizona, covering a vast area of mountainous terrain.

6. Gila River Indian Community

History: The Gila River Indian Community, comprised of the Pima and Maricopa peoples, has a long history in the central Arizona region. Their agricultural practices have helped shape the landscape of the Gila River Valley, showcasing their deep connection to the land.

Culture: The Gila River Indian Community is known for their traditional pottery, basket weaving, and their captivating storytelling traditions. Their ceremonies and celebrations reflect their unique cultural identity.

Location: The Gila River Indian Community is located in central Arizona, along the Gila River.

7. White Mountain Apache Tribe

History: The White Mountain Apache Tribe, known as the Nde, have resided within the White Mountains of eastern Arizona for centuries. Their traditional lifestyle, centered around hunting and gathering, has shaped their culture and connection to the land.

Culture: The White Mountain Apache are renowned for their intricate beadwork, stunning basket weaving, and their unique storytelling traditions. Their cultural practices, including traditional dances and songs, reflect their deep connection to the land and their rich history.

Location: The White Mountain Apache Reservation is located within the White Mountains of eastern Arizona, encompassing a vast expanse of rugged terrain.

8. Cocopah Tribe

History: The Cocopah Tribe, also known as the Yuma people, are known for their long history in the Lower Colorado River Valley region. Their traditional way of life, centered around fishing, hunting, and gathering, has shaped their cultural practices and resilience.

Culture: The Cocopah people are known for their traditional pottery, basket weaving, and their unique storytelling traditions. Their ceremonies and celebrations reflect their deep connection to the Colorado River and their rich cultural heritage.

Location: The Cocopah Indian Reservation is located along the Colorado River near Yuma, Arizona, encompassing portions of the river valley.

9. Hualapai Tribe

History: The Hualapai Tribe, known as the “People of the Tall Pines,” have resided in the Grand Canyon region for centuries. Their traditional way of life, centered around hunting and gathering, has shaped their connection to the land and their unique cultural practices.

Culture: The Hualapai people are known for their intricate beadwork, stunning basket weaving, and their unique storytelling traditions. Their ceremonies and celebrations reflect their connection to the Grand Canyon and their rich cultural heritage.

Location: The Hualapai Indian Reservation encompasses a vast area of the Grand Canyon region, including the South Rim of the Grand Canyon.

10. Mohave Tribe

History: The Mohave Tribe, also known as the “People of the River,” have resided in the Lower Colorado River Valley region for centuries. Their traditional way of life, centered around fishing, hunting, and gathering, has shaped their cultural practices and their connection to the river.

Culture: The Mohave are known for their intricate beadwork, unique basket weaving, and their captivating storytelling traditions. Their ceremonies and celebrations reflect their deep connection to the Colorado River and their rich cultural heritage.

Location: The Mohave Indian Reservation is located along the Colorado River in northwestern Arizona, encompassing portions of the river valley.

11. Fort Mohave Indian Tribe

History: The Fort Mohave Indian Tribe, located on the Colorado River near Needles, California, shares a rich history with the Mohave Tribe. Their cultural practices and traditions reflect their shared heritage and connection to the river.

Culture: The Fort Mohave are known for their intricate beadwork, unique basket weaving, and their captivating storytelling traditions. Their ceremonies and celebrations reflect their deep connection to the Colorado River and their rich cultural heritage.

Location: The Fort Mohave Indian Reservation is located along the Colorado River near Needles, California, encompassing portions of the river valley.

12. Chemehuevi Tribe

History: The Chemehuevi Tribe, also known as the “People of the Lake,” have resided in the Lake Havasu region for centuries. Their traditional lifestyle, centered around fishing and hunting, has shaped their cultural practices and their connection to the lake.

Culture: The Chemehuevi are known for their unique basket weaving, intricate beadwork, and their captivating storytelling traditions. Their ceremonies and celebrations reflect their deep connection to Lake Havasu and their rich cultural heritage.

Location: The Chemehuevi Indian Reservation is located in the Lake Havasu region of Arizona, encompassing portions of the lake and the surrounding area.

13. Quechan Tribe

History: The Quechan Tribe, also known as the Yuman people, have resided in the Lower Colorado River Valley region for centuries. Their traditional lifestyle, centered around fishing, hunting, and gathering, has shaped their cultural practices and their connection to the river.

Culture: The Quechan are known for their intricate beadwork, unique basket weaving, and their captivating storytelling traditions. Their ceremonies and celebrations reflect their deep connection to the Colorado River and their rich cultural heritage.

Location: The Quechan Indian Reservation is located along the Colorado River near Yuma, Arizona, encompassing portions of the river valley.

Exploring the Cultural Landscape: Arts, Crafts, and Traditions

Arts & Crafts

The Native American Tribes of Arizona are renowned for their exceptional craftsmanship and artistic traditions. From the intricate beadwork of the San Carlos Apache to the stunning pottery of the Gila River Indian Community, these tribes have preserved their artistic heritage through generations. Here are some highlights:

• Basket weaving: The Tohono O’odham, Hualapai, and Chemehuevi are known for their exquisite basketry, often crafted from natural materials like willow, sumac, and yucca.
• Beadwork: The Navajo, Yavapai-Apache, and San Carlos Apache are known for their intricate beadwork, adorning jewelry, clothing, and ceremonial items.
• Pottery: The Gila River Indian Community is renowned for its traditional pottery, featuring beautiful designs and shapes.
• Silverwork: The Navajo are celebrated for their stunning silverwork, often incorporating traditional designs and techniques.

Traditions & Ceremonies

These traditions serve as a testament to the resilience and enduring culture of Arizona’s Native American tribes. They provide a window into their history, beliefs, and connection to the land. Here are some prominent examples:

• Kachina dolls: The Hopi create intricate kachina dolls, representing spiritual beings, that play a significant role in their ceremonies and rituals.
• Powwows: Many tribes in Arizona host powwows, vibrant cultural gatherings featuring traditional dancing, drumming, singing, and storytelling.
• Ceremonial dances: The San Carlos Apache, White Mountain Apache, and Yavapai-Apache are known for their traditional dances, often steeped in their history and beliefs.

Preserving Native American Culture in Arizona

Museums & Cultural Centers

Many Native American Tribes of Arizona have established museums and cultural centers to preserve and showcase their unique heritage. Visitors can explore their history, traditions, and art.

• Heard Museum (Phoenix): A world-renowned museum dedicated to the art, history, and culture of Native American tribes across the Southwest. (external link: https://heard.org/)
• Indian Arts & Crafts Board (IAICB): A federal agency that works to promote the work of Native American artists and craftspeople. (external link: https://www.indianartsandcrafts.gov/)
• Phoenix Indian Center (Phoenix): Offers cultural programming, educational opportunities, and resources for Native American communities in the Phoenix area. https://phoenixindiancenter.org/

Education & Outreach

Several organizations are dedicated to educating the public about Native American history and culture in Arizona.

• Arizona State University (ASU) American Indian Studies Program: Offers academic programs, research opportunities, and cultural events dedicated to promoting understanding and appreciation of Native American cultures. (internal link: https://americanindianstudies.asu.edu/)
• Navajo Nation Museum (Window Rock): Provides a comprehensive overview of Navajo history, culture, and traditions. (internal link: https://www.navajonationmuseum.org/)

FAQs about Native American Tribes of Arizona

What are the largest Native American tribes in Arizona?

The Navajo Nation is the largest, followed by the Tohono O’odham Nation and the San Carlos Apache Tribe.

How many Native American tribes are there in Arizona?

There are over 20 federally recognized tribes in Arizona, and many more unrecognized tribes.

What are the main challenges faced by Native American tribes in Arizona?

Challenges include poverty, lack of access to healthcare, and limited economic opportunities.

How can I support Native American tribes in Arizona?

You can support tribal businesses, visit museums and cultural centers, attend powwows, and learn about their history and culture.

What are the main cultural differences between Native American tribes in Arizona?

Each tribe has a unique language, traditions, and cultural practices shaped by their history, geography, and environment.

Conclusion: A Legacy of Resilience and Cultural Vibrancy

The Native American Tribes of Arizona are a vital part of the state’s history, culture, and landscape. Their resilience in the face of challenges, their enduring cultural traditions, and their unique contributions to Arizona’s heritage continue to inspire and educate. By understanding their history, celebrating their culture, and supporting their well-being, we can honor their legacy and create a more inclusive and respectful future for all.

As you journey through Arizona, remember that the land you walk on holds centuries of history and culture. Each of these 13 tribes has played a vital role in shaping the state’s landscape and identity. From the breathtaking canyons of the Navajo Nation to the vibrant urban centers of the Tohono O’odham, each tribe offers a unique perspective on the past, present, and future of Arizona. By delving into their stories, we gain a deeper understanding of this land’s rich tapestry and the resilience of its Indigenous people.

Learning about these tribes is an enriching experience that goes beyond simply reading about them. It’s an invitation to engage with their art, music, dance, and ceremonies. You can support their businesses, visit their museums, and attend their events. In doing so, you’ll not only learn about their history and culture, but also contribute to their continued thriving. You can even purchase handcrafted goods directly from tribal artists, giving back to the community and preserving their traditions. Additionally, be mindful of respecting their cultural practices and traditions.

This exploration of the 13 Native American tribes in Arizona is merely a starting point. There’s so much more to discover about each tribe. The journey of understanding and appreciation is ongoing. Remember, it’s not simply about learning about their past, but about acknowledging their present and future. By embracing their perspectives and celebrating their resilience, we contribute to a more inclusive and informed understanding of Arizona’s vibrant history and culture. Through our shared respect and understanding, we can forge a stronger and more meaningful connection with the Indigenous people who have called this land home for generations.